Упражнения на Perfect Continuous: тест и задания

Если вы открыли эту страницу с лицом человека, который собирается «просто быстро потренироваться», у меня плохая новость: Perfect Continuous любит прятать ключ к ответу в обстоятельстве времени. Но хорошая новость тоже есть — если найти точку отсчёта, грамматика перестаёт изображать туман.

Перейдите к интерактивной практике Wordwall, а затем возвращайтесь к письменным заданиям. Так вы сначала проверите реакцию, а потом спокойно разберёте, почему форма оказалась именно такой.

Как выполнять упражнения на Perfect Continuous

Перед каждым ответом задайте себе три вопроса: когда началось действие, до какого момента оно длится и к какой временной зоне относится этот момент — к настоящему, прошлому или будущему.

Быстрый выбор времени перед заданием

• Момент связан с настоящим: выбирайте have/has been + verb-ing.
• Есть конкретная точка в прошлом, к которой действие уже продолжалось: нужен had been + verb-ing.
• Говорим о длительности к будущему сроку: используйте will have been + verb-ing.

Например, She has been working since nine — работа началась раньше и всё ещё важна сейчас. She had been working for three hours when I called — звонок уже остался в прошлом. А By Friday, she will have been working here for a month смотрит вперёд.

Как пользоваться ответами

Сначала решайте без подсказки и не подглядывайте в ключ после каждого предложения. Иначе мозг быстро объявляет «я всё понял», хотя на деле он просто узнал ответ глазами. Отметьте номера, в которых сомневались, а затем сверяйте не только форму, но и точку отсчёта.

В этой статье есть три тематических блока, смешанная практика и финальный тест. Если ошиблись в одном времени, это не катастрофа, а вполне конкретный адрес для повторения.

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Интерактивная практика Perfect Continuous в Wordwall

Задания Wordwall для быстрой тренировки

В блоке ниже можно разместить набор perfect continuous wordwall с выбором формы, сопоставлением начала и продолжения действия и проверкой временной последовательности.

Резервный вариант: если виджет не загрузился, выполните задания на этой странице. Интерактивная игра полезна для скорости, но письменная практика показывает, умеете ли вы действительно строить форму, а не просто узнавать знакомый ответ.

Тренировка Present Perfect Continuous

Здесь действие началось раньше и связано с настоящим. Не ищите магическое слово, которое всё решит за вас: иногда это since или for, а иногда достаточно ситуации — мокрого пола, усталого лица и подозрительно долго работающего принтера.

Вставьте пропущенную форму

1. I ________ (wait) for the bus for twenty minutes.
2. She ________ (study) English since September.
3. ________ you ________ (work) on this report all morning?
4. Tom ________ (not sleep) well recently.
5. We ________ (look) for a larger office for two weeks.
6. Why ________ your hands ________ (shake)?
7. The children ________ (play) outside since lunch.
8. Our manager ________ (talk) to the client for an hour.
9. I ________ (try) to fix the printer, but it still refuses to cooperate.

Выберите подходящий вариант

1. My eyes are tired because I have been reading / have read reports all afternoon.
2. She has been painting / has painted the kitchen, and now the walls are blue.
3. How long have you been learning / have you learned Spanish?
4. He has been repairing / has repaired the bike since breakfast, and he is still in the garage.
5. They have been discussing / have discussed the problem for two hours.
6. I have been writing / have written three emails this morning.
7. Why is the floor wet? Someone has been washing / has washed it.
8. We have been waiting / have waited for the final decision since Monday.

Исправьте ошибку

1. She have been working here since May.
2. I has been trying to call you.
3. They have been wait for an answer.
4. He has been work all night.
5. Have she been feeling better?
6. We have being looking for a solution.
7. Anna has been study for the exam.
8. It has been rain since noon.

Ключ к блоку Present Perfect Continuous

Вставьте форму: 1. have been waiting; 2. has been studying; 3. Have you been working; 4. has not been sleeping; 5. have been looking; 6. have your hands been shaking; 7. have been playing; 8. has been talking; 9. have been trying.

Выберите вариант: 1. have been reading; 2. has been painting; 3. have you been learning; 4. has been repairing; 5. have been discussing; 6. have written; 7. has been washing; 8. have been waiting. В шестом предложении важен результат — три готовых письма, а не сам процесс.

Исправьте: 1. She has been working here since May. Ошибка была в have → has. 2. I have been trying to call you. 3. They have been waiting for an answer. 4. He has been working all night. 5. Has she been feeling better? 6. We have been looking for a solution. 7. Anna has been studying for the exam. 8. It has been raining since noon. После been нужен глагол с окончанием -ing.

Тренировка Past Perfect Continuous

Теперь действие продолжается до определённого момента в прошлом. Сначала найдите этот прошлый ориентир: when I arrived, before the meeting started, by six o'clock. Только потом собирайте форму. Прошлое здесь не просто случилось — оно успело потрудиться до другого прошлого.

Восстановите предложение по ситуации

1. When I arrived, they ________ (wait) for an hour.
2. She was exhausted because she ________ (travel) all night.
3. Before the lesson started, we ________ (talk) about the test.
4. He ________ (not sleep) well before the exam.
5. How long ________ you ________ (work) there before you changed jobs?
6. The dog was wet because it ________ (run) in the rain.
7. By noon, the technicians ________ (repair) the machine for five hours.
8. Why was Mark angry? He ________ (argue) with his colleague.
9. They ________ (not wait) long when the train arrived.

Соедините начало и продолжение

1. She was tired …
2. The streets were flooded …
3. We knew the route well …
4. He needed a break …
5. Were they nervous …

• because it had been raining for hours.
• because he had been lifting heavy boxes all morning.
• because she had been working since dawn.
• because we had been driving around the city for three days.
• because they had been preparing for the interview for weeks?

Мини-тест на Past Perfect Continuous

1. By the time the doctor came, the patient ________ for forty minutes. had been waiting / has been waiting
2. She ________ dinner when the guests arrived. had been cooking / will have been cooking
3. ________ he been working there before the company moved? Had / Has
4. They ________ attention, so they missed the instruction. had not been paying / have not been paying
5. How long had you ________ before you found the answer? been searching / searching
6. The team was confident because it ________ together for months. had been training / has been training
7. We ________ for a taxi when it finally stopped. had been standing / will have been standing
8. He was out of breath because he ________. had been running / has been run

Ключ к блоку Past Perfect Continuous

Восстановите форму: 1. had been waiting; 2. had been travelling; 3. had been talking; 4. had not been sleeping; 5. had you been working; 6. had been running; 7. had been repairing; 8. had been arguing; 9. had not been waiting.

Соедините: 1 — because she had been working since dawn; 2 — because it had been raining for hours; 3 — because we had been driving around the city for three days; 4 — because he had been lifting heavy boxes all morning; 5 — because they had been preparing for the interview for weeks.

Мини-тест: 1. had been waiting; 2. had been cooking; 3. Had; 4. had not been paying; 5. been searching; 6. had been training; 7. had been standing; 8. had been running. В вопросе нужен Had, потому что точка отсчёта уже находится в прошлом.

Тренировка Future Perfect Continuous

В этом блоке мы смотрим вперёд и считаем длительность к будущему моменту. Конструкция длинная, зато честная: will have been + verb-ing. Английский будто заранее выдаёт вам отчёт о стаже действия.

Дополните прогноз

1. By next June, I ________ (learn) English for three years.
2. By 8 p.m., she ________ (work) for ten hours.
3. By the end of the week, we ________ (test) the new system for five days.
4. By tomorrow morning, they ________ (travel) for twelve hours.
5. By 2030, he ________ (teach) at this school for twenty years.
6. By the time you arrive, I ________ (wait) for half an hour.
7. By Friday, the builders ________ (renovate) the office for a month.
8. In December, the company ________ (use) this software for a year.
9. By midnight, we ________ (drive) for six hours.

Выберите правильную конструкцию

1. By next week, she will have been working / has been working here for a year.
2. How long will you have been studying / had you been studying by the exam date?
3. By 6 p.m., they will not have been waiting / have not been waiting for more than twenty minutes.
4. Will he have been living / Has he been living in London for five years by then?
5. By the end of the project, we will have been collecting / had been collecting data for six months.
6. She will have been training / has been training for two hours by lunchtime.
7. By next spring, I will have been writing / had been writing this book for a year.
8. Will they have been waiting / been waiting for us by noon?

Составьте предложение из частей

1. by / will / for / have / been / working / she / five hours / noon
2. you / by / have / been / will / studying / how long / July?
3. not / they / will / have / been / travelling / for / a day
4. by Friday / will / have / been / we / testing / the product / for a week
5. he / by midnight / have / been / driving / will / for ten hours
6. will / the children / have / been / playing / outside / for two hours?

Ключ к блоку Future Perfect Continuous

Дополните прогноз: 1. will have been learning; 2. will have been working; 3. will have been testing; 4. will have been travelling; 5. will have been teaching; 6. will have been waiting; 7. will have been renovating; 8. will have been using; 9. will have been driving.

Выберите вариант: 1. will have been working; 2. will you have been studying; 3. will not have been waiting; 4. Will he have been living; 5. will have been collecting; 6. will have been training; 7. will have been writing; 8. have been waiting. После will используется базовая форма have, а не has.

Составьте: 1. She will have been working for five hours by noon. 2. How long will you have been studying by July? 3. They will not have been travelling for a day. 4. We will have been testing the product for a week by Friday. 5. He will have been driving for ten hours by midnight. 6. Will the children have been playing outside for two hours?

Смешанные упражнения на все Perfect Continuous

Теперь подсказка в виде названия времени исчезает. Смотрите только на точку отсчёта и длительность. Именно здесь обычно выясняется, кто решал задания, а кто просто дружил с заголовками.

Определите время и вставьте форму

1. I am tired because I ________ (clean) the house all morning.
2. When the meeting began, we ________ (wait) for twenty minutes.
3. By next month, she ________ (work) on the project for a year.
4. They ________ (not sleep) well since the baby was born.
5. He was angry because someone ________ (use) his computer.
6. By 2032, the scientists ________ (study) the virus for ten years.
7. How long ________ you ________ (look) for a new apartment?
8. Before the train arrived, we ________ (stand) on the platform for an hour.
9. By the end of today, I ________ (answer) emails for six hours.
10. She ________ (practice) the piano since breakfast.
11. Why were his shoes dirty? He ________ (walk) through the park.
12. By Friday, will you ________ (finish) the course?

Переведите короткие предложения

1. Я жду вас уже полчаса.
2. К тому времени мы работали над проектом три месяца.
3. К июлю она будет изучать японский два года.
4. Он плохо спал последние несколько дней.
5. Перед экзаменом они готовились всю ночь.
6. К концу смены вы будете обслуживать клиентов восемь часов.

Финальный тест без подсказок

1. By the time you call, I ________ for two hours. will have been waiting / have been waiting
2. She is tired because she ________ since dawn. has been working / had been working
3. When I saw him, he ________ for a bus. had been waiting / will have been waiting
4. How long ________ they been living here? have / had
5. By next year, we ________ together for ten years. will have been working / have been working
6. He ________ not been listening, so he missed the announcement. had / has
7. They ________ been discussing the plan for an hour now. have / will
8. By 5 p.m., she ________ been driving for seven hours. will have / has
9. We were wet because we ________ been walking in the rain. had / have
10. I ________ been trying to reach you since noon. have / had
11. By the end of the course, you ________ been practising for eight weeks. will have / have
12. He looked exhausted because he ________ been carrying boxes all morning. had / has

Ответы к смешанному блоку и шкала результата

Вставьте форму: 1. have been cleaning; 2. had been waiting; 3. will have been working; 4. have not been sleeping; 5. had been using; 6. will have been studying; 7. have you been looking; 8. had been standing; 9. will have been answering; 10. has been practising; 11. had been walking; 12. have been finishing не подходит: правильный вариант — will you have been finishing только в необычном контексте процесса. Для обычного смысла «закончить курс» лучше сказать Will you have finished the course by Friday? Это пример, где длительность не нужна.

Перевод: 1. I have been waiting for you for half an hour. 2. By that time, we had been working on the project for three months. 3. By July, she will have been studying Japanese for two years. 4. He has not been sleeping well for the last few days. 5. Before the exam, they had been preparing all night. 6. By the end of the shift, you will have been serving customers for eight hours.

Финальный тест: 1. will have been waiting; 2. has been working; 3. had been waiting; 4. have; 5. will have been working; 6. had; 7. have; 8. will have; 9. had; 10. have; 11. will have; 12. had.

Оценка: 85–100% — повторите только спорные пункты и переходите к более свободной практике. 60–84% — выполните ещё раз смешанный блок, не смотря на названия времён. Меньше 60% — отдельно повторите Present, Past и Future, а затем вернитесь к смешанным предложениям.

Ответы и разбор типичных ошибок

Ключ ко всем упражнениям

Ответы находятся в раскрывающихся блоках после каждой группы. Такой порядок полезнее длинного общего списка: вы сразу видите, к какому типу задания относится ошибка. Не превращайте проверку в археологию по странице — сначала решите блок, затем откройте только его ключ.

Ошибки в форме и выборе времени

• Have, has, had, will: has используется с he, she, it; had — для прошлого; после will всегда идёт have.
• Пропуск been: конструкция Perfect Continuous требует связки have/has/had/will have + been + verb-ing. Без been поезд грамматики уехал без вагона.
• Неверная форма глагола: после been нужна форма с -ing: been working, been waiting, been studying.
• Неправильная точка отсчёта: настоящее — have/has been, прошлый момент — had been, будущий срок — will have been.
• Лишний Continuous: если важен завершённый результат или количество, часто нужен обычный Perfect. «Я написал три письма» — это не обязательно забег на выносливость: I have written three emails.

Как оценить результат

Если вы ошибались в has/have, повторите Present-блок. Если постоянно выбирали had вместо will have, потренируйте временную линию на Past и Future. Если форма почти всегда верна, но теряется длительность, решайте смешанные задания и проговаривайте вслух: «до настоящего», «до прошлого момента», «до будущего срока».

В Perfect Continuous сначала ищите не перевод глагола, а момент, к которому действие тянется. Временная линия честнее переводчика.